Can Skin Dermal Papilla (DP) Cells Differentiate into...

The question of this article is to determine if skin dermal papilla (DP) cells can differentiate into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by using the transcription factor, OCT4, instead of using all four transcription factor, OCT4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc, which are usually used to differentiate somatic cells into stem cells. The scientists came up with the question because two out of the four transcription factors, Klf4 and c-Myc, are oncogenic gene, thereby it is best to replace these genes with other safer alternatives. Reprogramming cells into induced pluripotent stem cells impose risks because the process requires several transcription factors. To reduce the risks, programming iPSCs should require as little transcription factors†¦show more content†¦Then for in vivo differentiation, two mice mated and all the blastocysts were collected. 1TF iPSCs injected into each blastocyst and the blastocysts were transplanted into the uterus of pseudopregnant female mice. 1TF chimeric mice were born and tested for gene expression. Then, 1TF mice mated to create F1 pup. These generations were used to test for indication of potential risks that occurred because of the differentiation. In the results, the control group showed Oct4-GFP positive in five days while experimental group, 1TF iPSC, showed Oct4-GFP positive in 18 days. 1TF iPSC with only OCT4 as the transcription factor had reprogramming efficiency of 0.088%, which is higher than the control group that used all four transcription factors. 1TF iPS cell is morphology similar to ES cells 1TF iPSC colonies were stained positive for nanog, Oct4, Sox2, and SSEA-1. In addition, genes in expressed in the control group were all expressed in the experimental group. Like all pluripotent stem cells, 1TF iPSCs differentiated into the three germ layers, endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm. For in vivo, Oct4 were expressed in gonads of 1TF chimeric mice. 17 out of 43 mice grew into adult mice with the same agouti coat color as their parent. And in the third generation, the pup has no tumor formation, Oct4 -GFP was expressed as well as Lef1-RFP, which was the gene of the first generation Lef1-RFP/Oct4-GFP/Rosa26-lacZ transge nic

Bullying And The Overall Effect - 1881 Words

Bethany Membreno Mrs. Daniels English III-Dual Credit/ ENGL.1302 5 May 2015 Bullying and the Overall Effect Many students go to school and may be bullied. In fact bullying does not only occur in school but it can occur almost anywhere at any time. Now a days, bullying is not only expressed by human contact or face to face, because the media is advancing it also has made bullying much easier now. We may see more people being bullied in any type of social media. Because of this bullying can be expressed through many forms causing the victim to have physical and emotional damage which is reflected in their overall behavior. First of all one may ask what is bullying? Well, according to American Psychological Association, â€Å"Bullying is a form of aggressive behavior in which someone intentionally and repeatedly causes another person injury or discomfort† (American Psychological Association). Packers Center’s Kids Against Bullying defines bullying as â€Å"Bullying is when someone is hurt either by words or actions, feels bad because of it, and h as a hard time stopping what is happening to them† (Packers Center s Kids Agains Bullying ).The definition of bullying has changed over the past years and they may not be the same definition because it depends on the person. One person may describe bullying as someone who is being cruel and mean while another person may describe bullying as someone who does not like them. All in all a bullying is known as an aggressive behavior withShow MoreRelatedJust As The Hands Of A Clock Are Constantly Moving, Time1199 Words   |  5 Pagesthe one interaction has remained relatively the same throughout: bullying. Bullying, a negative interaction, has produced many statistics. In other words, bullying has made its mark in who the common bullies are, who are the typical victims of bullying, the repercussions of bullying, and ways in which bullying is linked to social and individual problems such as depression, anxiety, and violent tendencies. Common Links Across Bullying Societal context has provided an environment in which at some pointRead MoreThe Influence Of School Bullying881 Words   |  4 PagesThe influence of school bullying is not as one dimensional as some have thought, and recent studies have examined this issue from the angles of student perception as well as socio-cultural perspectives (Espelage et al., 2014). Bullying is a dynamic issue with the capability to impact schools in numerous areas. Researchers typically categorize the negative effects of school bullying in terms of both individual short and long term consequences and in terms of the overall climate of a school systemRead MoreThe Effects Of Bullying In Schools1136 Words   |  5 PagesWhile the definition of bullying is disputable, it can be widely understood as repeated aggressive behaviours towards an individual(s) with the intention of physical, mental or emotional harm for one’s own personal gain (Spears et el 2008, p. 6). Bullying has long and short-term effect s on an individual such as alienation, engagement in violence, decline in attendance and academic performance and a higher chance of developing a mental illness (Spears et el 2008, p. 8). Recent research indicates that’sRead MoreSexual Harassment : How Does It Differ From Bullying?891 Words   |  4 Pages1. What is sexual harassment? How does it differ from bullying? Sexual harassment is an unwanted attention that is sexual in nature. It can be a one-time occurrence or a result of repeated behaviour. In addition, harassment is viewed from the victim’s perspective and what the perceiver or affected individual would feel in the exact same situation. Workplace bullying on the other hand can be defined as an act or verbal behavior that is persistent and continuous, with intent to mentally hurt or isolateRead MoreBullying And Its Effect On Society1633 Words   |  7 Pagesmay be exploited is through the familiar conviction of bullying. Bullying has been entrenched in American society as a relevant issue for quite some time. The word â€Å"bully† derives back from as far as the 1530’s. In 1838, the novel, Oliver Twist, exhibited the first use of bullying within literary work. Years later, in 1862, the first account of bullying was reported. Over one hundred years following this, the first proposition of an anti-bullying law was constructed. As time has persisted, the issueRead MoreNegative And Negative Impacts Of Bullying Essay951 Words   |  4 Pagesnature of bullying presents some challenges to accurately determining either its prevalence or severity. Both the positive and negative social interactions of school ag ed children may be misinterpreted by peers or by education professionals. Additionally, victims and perpetrators of bullying may be less likely to provide truthful responses to research inquiries out of fear of retaliation from peers or school personnel. In spite of these challenges, numerous recent studies on bullying have producedRead MoreThe Effects Of School Bullying On Students And The Climate Of A School System891 Words   |  4 PagesImpact The influence of school bullying is not as one dimensional as some have thought, and recent studies have examined this issue from the angles of student perception as well as socio-cultural perspectives (Espelage et al., 2014). Bullying is a dynamic issue with the capability to impact schools in numerous areas. Researchers typically categorize the negative effects of school bullying in terms of short and long term consequences and in terms of its impact on individual students and the climateRead MoreSocial Norms And Its Effect On Society957 Words   |  4 Pageshinder society’s overall function. In particular, a form of deviance that hinders the social norm would include bullying. Bullying strips the self image of an individual that can cause internal and external pain to themselves or others. Specially, several incidents of bullying occur in adolescents. It is adolescents who are most prone to bullying or engage in bullying that ultimately focuses on an individual’s g ender, race and sexuality. Thus, adolescents engaging in deviance by bullying peers have aRead MoreBullying Programs For Elementary Schools Essay1281 Words   |  6 Pageshas been a surge of anti-bullying programs that have come out for elementary schools. It is important to inform our youth on exactly what bullying is, strategies for prevention and coping. Education about bullying became a main goal for elementary school in the last two decades due to the exponential rate of school shooting, suicides and cyber bullying. The question is whether or not these programs are effective in education and prevention This paper will discuss why bullying is such a concerning issueRead MoreBullying And Victims Of Bullying1607 Words   |  7 PagesRationale: Bullying has become a relevant and serious problem over the past decade, especially among children between the ages of 4 and 16. Bullying is defined as unwanted, aggressive behaviors such as threats, spreading rumors, or attacking someone physically or emotionally. Additionally, in recent years cyber-bullying, which is considered bullying on the Internet, has increased. Not only can bullying cause detrimental problems in the future for the victim but, research shows that the bully him/herself

Journal Of The American Medical Association -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: How Many Amino Acids Are Present In The Entire Protein That The Unknown Sequence Encodes Part Of? Answer: Introducation Three nucleotides encode one amino acid in the sequence. Due to the presence of 64 combinations of 4 nucleotides which are taken three at a time, 20 amino acids will be produced by the entire protein sequence(Association, 1992, p.897). Why the number of nucleotides that encode the protein is not exactly 3 times the number of amino acids that are translated Encoding of amino acid requires a minimum of three nucleotides, which are referred to as a codon. A single codon encodes just one amino acid at a time hence three nucleotides are required to encode one amino acid(Ohno, 2013, p.569). Description of the encoded protein The unknown sequence of protein is for Mallomonas splendens Ftz mRNA. It is a nuclear gene that encodes a protein of the mitochondria, complete cds(Biology, 1993, p.158). The unknown protein is thus found in the mitochondria organelles of the organism. Among the organisms that have this protein sequence include Eukaryota, Stramenopiles, Synurophyceae, Synurales, Mallomonadaceae and Mallomonas species of organisms. The protein being found in the mitochondria of the organism is thus fundamental in the facilitation of the processes of respiration in the organism. The types of cells that use this protein are muscular cells, respiratory cells and other cells involved with processes that are associated with the breakdown of glucose in the body to release energy(Beech, 1999, p.256). References Association, A.M., 1992. Journal of the American Medical Association, Volume 267, Issue 9. Journal of the American Medical Association, Volume 267, Issue 9, 267(9), p.1450. Beech, P.L..S..V..G.R.a.M.I., 1999. Direct Submission. Sydney: School of Botany, University of Melbourne. Biology, A.S.f.C., 1993. The Journal of Cell Biology. The Journal of Cell Biology, Volume 2, p.1711. Ohno, S., 2013. Evolution by Gene Duplication. Evolution by Gene Duplication, 226(7), p.160.

The types of errors that are not revealed by the trial balance Essay Example For Students

The types of errors that are not revealed by the trial balance Essay 6. Briefly describe the types of mistakes that NOT revealed by the test balance. For each type of mistake, show the consequence of rectifying the mistake in expanded accounting equation. Please provide illustration in explicating your replies. Trial balance is a list of all the leger history balances. It is usually prepared at the terminal of the accounting period to enable us to fix the fiscal statements of the concern. The balances of all legers are put into debit and recognition columns. The general ground of fixing a test balance is to prove the truth of the leger by demoing whether entire debits equal to credits. In order to corroborate that dual entry has taken topographic point for each dealing, the entire debit entries must be equal to entire recognition entries. Example of test balance are shown at below: We will write a custom essay on The types of errors that are not revealed by the trial balance specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Company ABC Trial Balance as at 31 December 2014 Particulars Debit ( RM ) Recognition ( RM ) Cash 12000 Office equipment 5000 Debtor 550 Creditor 2700 Purchase 4000 Drawings 400 Rental 1200 Wagess 2400 General disbursals 375 Bank 7500 Gross saless 9000 Gross saless returns 100 Avant-garde 4500 Purchases returns 500 Capital 25825 Entire 38025 38025 There are two type of mistakes normally found in the procedure of fixing fiscal statement, which are mistakes that revealed by the test balance and mistakes that are non revealed by the test balance. In this assignment, we merely discuss the mistakes that are non revealed by the test balance. Mistake of skip a dealing that is wholly non entered in the books at all. Example: Buy a motor new wave by hard currency for RM 70000 concern usage. This dealing was non recorded in the books. Cash RM Motor new wave ( Correction ) 70000 Motor Van RM Cash ( Correction ) 70000 Since the dealing was wholly omitted from the books, the lone manner to do the rectification is by entering the dealing in the books utilizing the dual entry regulations. Hence, the plus, motor new wave is increase RM 70000 and another plus hard currency lessening RM 70000. Mistake of rule a dealing that is entered in incorrect class of history. Example: A amount of RM 700 paid for fixs of machinery was wrongly debited into the machinery history. Machinery History RM RM Cash ( Wrong entry ) 700 Repairs ( Correction ) 700 Repairs Account RM Machinery ( Correction ) 700 Machinery is an plus to the concern whereas fixs of machinery categorize as disbursals. Even though the dual entry for an addition in both history is debited to the several histories, but they are different classs. The mistakes is corrected by crediting the machinery history. The consequence of this mistake is to call off the mistake and the fixs history is debited to demo the right entry. Mistake of committee the entries are made at the right sum and appropriate side but to the incorrect history of the right class. Under this type of mistake, the dual entry regulation is followed right. Example: A sale of goods deserving RM 5000 to Mr Rex was wrongly entered into Mr Tex history due to a error. Mr Rex Account RM Mr Tex ( Correction ) 5000 Mr Tex Account RM RM Sale ( Wrong entry ) 5000 Mr Rex ( Correction ) 5000 Mr Rex and Mr Tex are both personal histories of the same class. Mr Tex history is credited RM 5000 to call off off the mistake and Mr Rex history is debited RM 5000 to demo the right entry. Mistake of original entry the original sum was wrongly entered in the books of original entry ( or book premier entry ) and the incorrect sum was right posted to the leger utilizing the double-entry system. .ub88f9566d3b1dfbc04bdccb3eccc5139 , .ub88f9566d3b1dfbc04bdccb3eccc5139 .postImageUrl , .ub88f9566d3b1dfbc04bdccb3eccc5139 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub88f9566d3b1dfbc04bdccb3eccc5139 , .ub88f9566d3b1dfbc04bdccb3eccc5139:hover , .ub88f9566d3b1dfbc04bdccb3eccc5139:visited , .ub88f9566d3b1dfbc04bdccb3eccc5139:active { border:0!important; } .ub88f9566d3b1dfbc04bdccb3eccc5139 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub88f9566d3b1dfbc04bdccb3eccc5139 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub88f9566d3b1dfbc04bdccb3eccc5139:active , .ub88f9566d3b1dfbc04bdccb3eccc5139:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub88f9566d3b1dfbc04bdccb3eccc5139 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub88f9566d3b1dfbc04bdccb3eccc5139 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub88f9566d3b1dfbc04bdccb3eccc5139 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub88f9566d3b1dfbc04bdccb3eccc5139 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub88f9566d3b1dfbc04bdccb3eccc5139:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub88f9566d3b1dfbc04bdccb3eccc5139 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub88f9566d3b1dfbc04bdccb3eccc5139 .ub88f9566d3b1dfbc04bdccb3eccc5139-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub88f9566d3b1dfbc04bdccb3eccc5139:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Hackers EssayExample: Purchase of goods cost RM 920 from Mei Mei Enterprise were wrongly recorded in the Purchases Journal as RM 902. The incorrect sum was posted to the leger. Purchases RM Mei Mei Enterprise 902 Mei Mei Enterprise ( Correction ) 18 920 Mei Mei Enterprise RM Purchases 902 Purchases ( Correction ) 18 920 Initially, the two histories were recorded utilizing an wrong figure where both histories were understate by RM 18. This mistake is corrected by adding back the understate sum. Mistake of reversal of entries dealing are entered in the histories utilizing the double-entry system but they are entered in complete reversal. An history that should be debited is credited and frailty versa. Example: A check received from a debitor, Sin Keat, entire sum of RM 3000 was wrongly credited to the bank history and debited to Sin Keat’s history. Sin Keat RM RM Bank ( Wrong entry ) 3000 Bank ( Correction ) 6000 Bank RM RM Sin Keat ( Correction ) 6000 Sin Keat ( Wrong entry ) 3000 In rectifying this type of mistake, the sum involved should be doubled, that is RM 3000 x 2. The first RM 3000 is to call off the mistake and the 2nd RM 3000 is to bespeak the right entry. Therefore, the plus, bank addition RM 3000 while another plus, debitor lessening RM 3000.